Question

what causes intraplate earthquakes?
define:
seismology
seismic waves
what are the characteristics of body waves?
what are the two types?
what types of materials can p - waves travel through and how fast are they?
describe a p - wave’s motion.
what types of materials can s - waves travel through and how fast are they?
describe an s - wave’s motion.
how are surface waves different from body waves?
which is more damaging?
define:
tsunami:

Explanation:

1. Intra - plate earthquakes can be caused by stress build - up due to tectonic forces within a plate, magma movement, or human activities like mining.
2. Seismology is the scientific study of earthquakes and the propagation of seismic waves through the Earth.
3. Seismic waves are waves of energy that travel through the Earth's layers, generated by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, etc.
4. Body waves travel through the interior of the Earth. They have the ability to travel long distances within the Earth.
5. The two types of body waves are P - waves (primary waves) and S - waves (secondary waves).
6. P - waves can travel through solids, liquids, and gases. They are the fastest seismic waves, with speeds ranging from about 1 - 14 km/s depending on the medium.
7. P - waves are compressional waves. The motion of particles in a P - wave is parallel to the direction of wave propagation.
8. S - waves can only travel through solids. They are slower than P - waves, with speeds typically ranging from about 1 - 8 km/s depending on the medium.
9. S - waves are shear waves. The motion of particles in an S - wave is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
10. Surface waves travel along the Earth's surface. They are slower than body waves but have larger amplitudes. Body waves travel through the Earth's interior while surface waves travel along the surface.
11. Surface waves are generally more damaging because they have larger amplitudes and cause more ground - shaking at the surface.
12. A tsunami is a series of large ocean waves caused by underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides.

Answer:

1. Stress build - up within a plate, magma movement, human activities.
2. The scientific study of earthquakes and seismic wave propagation.
3. Waves of energy traveling through Earth's layers from seismic events.
4. Travel through Earth's interior, long - distance capability.
5. P - waves and S - waves.
6. Solids, liquids, gases; 1 - 14 km/s.
7. Particles move parallel to wave propagation.
8. Solids only; 1 - 8 km/s.
9. Particles move perpendicular to wave propagation.
10. Surface waves travel along Earth's surface, are slower with larger amplitudes; body waves travel through Earth's interior.
11. Surface waves.
12. A series of large ocean waves caused by underwater earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides.