Question

understanding phase changes
in matter can change from one state to another when certain conditions are met. these changes of state are called phase changes and include melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, and sublimation. understanding the cause and effect of these changes helps us explain many everyday phenomena.

phase change	scenario	cause	effect
	water was placed in the freezer overnight. the water becomes ice
	a puddle disappearing on a sunny day. the liquid is turning into gas
	water droplets forming on the outside of a cold glass. warm air meeting the cold surfaces of the glass. water vapor turns into liquid
	dry ice producing fog when exposed to air. dry ice (solid co2) absorbs heat. solid carbon dioxide turns directly into gas

fill in the blank: fill in the blank with the correct words.
freezing, melting, sublimation, condensation, evaporation

Explanation:

To solve this, we analyze each scenario to identify the phase change:

1. Ice tube melts (scenario 1)

• Phase Change: Melting (solid → liquid)
• Cause: Temperature of the solar car is warmer than the fridge, so heat is absorbed by the ice.
• Effect: Ice (solid) turns into water (liquid).

2. Water becomes ice (scenario 2)

• Phase Change: Freezing (liquid → solid)
• Cause: Water is placed in the freezer (low temperature), so heat is released.
• Effect: Water (liquid) turns into ice (solid).

3. Puddle disappears (scenario 3)

• Phase Change: Evaporation (liquid → gas)
• Cause: Sun provides heat, increasing the liquid’s temperature.
• Effect: Liquid water turns into water vapor (gas).

4. Water droplets on a cold glass (scenario 4)

• Phase Change: Condensation (gas → liquid)
• Cause: Warm air (with water vapor) touches the cold glass, cooling the vapor.
• Effect: Water vapor (gas) turns into liquid droplets.

5. Dry ice produces fog (scenario 5)

• Phase Change: Sublimation (solid → gas)
• Cause: Dry ice (solid CO₂) absorbs heat from the air.
• Effect: Solid carbon dioxide turns directly into gas (CO₂ gas).

Filling the Table (example for one row, e.g., scenario 1):

Phase Change	Scenario	Cause	Effect

Repeat this process for each row, matching the phase change (Melting, Freezing, Evaporation, Condensation, Sublimation) to the scenario, cause, and effect.

Answer:

To solve this, we analyze each scenario to identify the phase change:

1. Ice tube melts (scenario 1)

• Phase Change: Melting (solid → liquid)
• Cause: Temperature of the solar car is warmer than the fridge, so heat is absorbed by the ice.
• Effect: Ice (solid) turns into water (liquid).

2. Water becomes ice (scenario 2)

• Phase Change: Freezing (liquid → solid)
• Cause: Water is placed in the freezer (low temperature), so heat is released.
• Effect: Water (liquid) turns into ice (solid).

3. Puddle disappears (scenario 3)

• Phase Change: Evaporation (liquid → gas)
• Cause: Sun provides heat, increasing the liquid’s temperature.
• Effect: Liquid water turns into water vapor (gas).

4. Water droplets on a cold glass (scenario 4)

• Phase Change: Condensation (gas → liquid)
• Cause: Warm air (with water vapor) touches the cold glass, cooling the vapor.
• Effect: Water vapor (gas) turns into liquid droplets.

5. Dry ice produces fog (scenario 5)

• Phase Change: Sublimation (solid → gas)
• Cause: Dry ice (solid CO₂) absorbs heat from the air.
• Effect: Solid carbon dioxide turns directly into gas (CO₂ gas).

Filling the Table (example for one row, e.g., scenario 1):

Phase Change	Scenario	Cause	Effect

Repeat this process for each row, matching the phase change (Melting, Freezing, Evaporation, Condensation, Sublimation) to the scenario, cause, and effect.