Question

1. since c1 is shorted, r1

a measures 0 volts
b causes minimum current
c causes current to decrease
d measures the applied voltage

Explanation:

When a capacitor (C1) is shorted, it acts as a direct conductor (zero impedance for AC in this case, or a short circuit). In the circuit, R1 is in series with the shorted C1. A shorted capacitor means the two terminals of C1 are connected directly, so the voltage across R1 would be zero (since the short provides a 0 - voltage drop path, and by Kirchhoff's voltage law, the voltage across R1 would be zero as the short bypasses any potential difference that would have been across C1 and R1 in normal operation). Option b is wrong because a short would increase current (lower total impedance), not cause minimum current. Option c is wrong as shorting C1 reduces total impedance, increasing current, not decreasing. Option d is wrong because R1 can't measure applied voltage when C1 is shorted (voltage across R1 is zero, not the applied voltage).

Answer:

a. measures 0 volts