Question

read the excerpt from greta thunbergs speech at the united nations climate action summit. the claim in this excerpt is that current efforts to reduce co₂ emissions are ineffective. so a 50% risk is simply not acceptable to us—we who have to live with the consequences. to have a 67% chance of staying below a 1.5 degrees global temperature rise—the best odds given by the intergovernmental panel on climate change—the world had 420 gigatons of co₂ left to emit back on january 1, 2018. today that figure is already down to less than 350 gigatons. how does this excerpt make persuasive the speakers claim persuasive? it creates logos by using data and evidence on climate change. it creates kairos by including a specific date by which changes must be made in order to be effective. it creates pathos by inciting an emotional response to the low levels of co₂ left to emit. it creates ethos by revealing the speakers research on the intergovernmental panel on climate change.

Explanation:

Logos is a rhetorical device that appeals to logic and reason. Here, the speaker uses data like "420 gigatons" (in 2018) and "less than 350 gigatons" (currently) along with the percentage "67% chance" to show the ineffectiveness of CO₂ reduction efforts. This data - driven approach is characteristic of logos.
Kairos refers to the opportune moment. There is no specific date given in the excerpt that implies a strict deadline for effective change. Pathos is about emotional appeal. While the situation is serious, the main focus is on data, not an emotional tug - at - heartstrings. Ethos is about credibility through the speaker's character or research. The excerpt does not focus on the speaker's research but on the data itself.

Answer:

It creates logos by using data and evidence on climate change.