Question

read the excerpt from dr. martin luther kings \letter from birmingham jail.\
i have tried to stand between these two forces, saying that we need emulate neither the \do nothingism\ of the complacent nor the hatred and despair of the black nationalist.
how does king support this claim?
by listing churches who support his nonviolent stand
by describing nonviolent direct action as a peaceful middle ground
by urging church leaders to abandon their \do nothing\ approaches
by insisting that complacency is preferable to hatred and violence

Explanation:

King's claim is about not following the two extreme forces (complacent "do - nothingism" and black nationalist hatred/despair). Nonviolent direct action, which is a peaceful approach, can be seen as a middle ground that avoids these two extremes. Listing churches (no mention in the given text), urging church leaders (not relevant to the claim about the two forces), and insisting complacency is better (contradicts the claim as he says neither should be emulated) are not correct.

Answer:

by describing nonviolent direct action as a peaceful middle ground