Question

read the excerpt from chapter 10 of animal farm. but the luxuries of which snowball had once taught the animals to dream, the stalls with electric light and hot and cold water, and the three - day week, were no longer talked about. napoleon had denounced such ideas as contrary to the spirit of animalism. the truest happiness, he said, lay in working hard and living frugally. how does orwell use irony in this excerpt? the text shows that if the animals work harder, they will have luxuries they dreamed of. the text shows that napoleons dreams conflict with the dreams of the animals. the text shows that the animals expected a different outcome than the reality they are facing. the text shows that snowball and napoleon never meant to mislead the other animals.

Explanation:

Irony occurs when there is a contrast between what is expected and what actually happens. In the excerpt, the animals had been taught to dream of certain luxuries (stalls with electric light, hot and cold water, three - day week). But the reality is that these are no longer talked about, and Napoleon preaches working hard and living frugally. This is a contrast between the animals' expectations (based on Snowball's teachings) and the reality (Napoleon's rule).

Answer:

The text shows that the animals expected a different outcome than the reality they are facing.