Question

question 11 (1 point)
which of the following statements about antibiotics is true?
antibiotics are effective against all types of bacteria
antibiotics are effective against viral infections
antibiotics are always the first line of treatment for bacterial infections
overuse of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance
question 12 (1 point)
which of the following terms refers to the ability of an antimicrobial drug to harm the target microbe without harming the host?
selective toxicity
spectrum of activity
mode of action
therapeutic level

Explanation:

• Question 11:
• Antibiotics are not effective against all bacteria (e.g., some are resistant). They are not effective against viral infections. And they are not always the first - line treatment (e.g., mild bacterial infections may resolve on their own). However, overuse can lead to antibiotic - resistant bacteria as bacteria evolve to survive the drugs.
• Question 12:
• Selective toxicity is the property of a drug that allows it to harm the target microbe while sparing the host. The spectrum of activity refers to the range of microbes a drug acts against. Mode of action is how a drug acts on a microbe (e.g., inhibiting cell wall synthesis). Therapeutic level is the concentration of a drug in the body that is effective.

Answer:

• Question 11: Overuse of antibiotics can lead to antibiotic resistance.
• Question 12: selective toxicity.