Question

people with diabetes often receive insulin injections. what effect does insulin have on the body?
it raises blood - sugar levels.
it lowers blood - sugar levels.
it raises glucagon levels.
it lowers glucagon levels.

Explanation:

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas. Its main function is to regulate blood - sugar levels. When blood - sugar levels rise (e.g., after a meal), insulin is released. It promotes the uptake of glucose by cells (such as muscle, fat, and liver cells). In muscle and fat cells, glucose can be used for energy or stored as glycogen (in muscle) or fat (in adipose tissue). In liver cells, glucose is stored as glycogen. By facilitating the uptake and storage of glucose, insulin lowers blood - sugar levels. Glucagon, on the other hand, has the opposite effect of raising blood - sugar levels. Insulin and glucagon work in a negative - feedback loop to maintain blood - sugar homeostasis. There is no direct evidence that insulin injections (in diabetic patients) primarily affect glucagon levels in a way that is the main mechanism of action. The primary role of insulin (whether endogenous or exogenous, as in injections) is related to glucose metabolism.

Answer:

It lowers blood - sugar levels.