Question

6.2 - participation - the 14th amend
use your notes to decide whether each event is a problem with a state law or with the
the 14th amendment: equal protection - states cant make laws that target
people. due process - law enforcement must treat everyone equally \tdid the event break equal
protection or due process?
a religious group is banned from holding nighttime gatherings due to a new city rule.
after a terrorist attack, homes are searched in a majority immigrant neighborhood.
a school district makes a discipline policy that gives harsher punishments to boys than girls
prosecutors in a county often offer plea bargains to certain racial groups but not others.
young people are required to obey a late-night curfew or face being arrested.
people with foreign sounding last names are required to present an extra id when voting.
rich people often win criminal trials because they hire the very best defense attorneys.
a bank offers lower interest payments to people of minority backgrounds
answer. try using an example from above ^^^

Explanation:

To determine if each event breaks equal protection or due process (from the 14th Amendment):

1. Religious group banned from nighttime gatherings: Equal Protection (targets a group, unequal treatment).
2. Homes searched in immigrant neighborhood: Equal Protection (targets a group, unequal treatment).
3. Harsher punishments for boys: Equal Protection (unequal treatment by gender).
4. Plea bargains by race: Equal Protection (unequal treatment by race).
5. Young people curfew: Due Process (law enforcement action, but if applied equally, maybe? Wait, curfew for youth—if it’s a general law, maybe Due Process? Wait, the 14th’s Due Process is about fair treatment. If the curfew is a law applied to all youth, maybe not a violation. But if it’s arbitrary, maybe. Wait, the table is to decide. Let's recheck:

• Equal Protection: unequal treatment (group vs group).
• Due Process: unfair law enforcement or laws (denying fair treatment).

So:

• Curfew for youth: If applied to all youth equally, maybe not a violation. But the question is to decide. Maybe Due Process (if it’s a law that treats youth differently without reason, but youth curfews are common. Maybe the key is:
• “Young people required to obey curfew”: If the law is applied to all youth, it’s a general law, so maybe not a violation. But the 14th’s Due Process is about state action. If the curfew is a valid law, maybe not. But the problem is to classify. Let's proceed:

1. Extra ID for foreign-sounding names: Equal Protection (unequal treatment by race/ethnicity).
2. Rich people win trials (hire best lawyers): Not a state action (private hiring), so neither? But the 14th applies to state action. So maybe no violation. But the table is about state law or state action. So this is private, so neither.
3. Bank lower interest for minorities: Private action, so neither (14th applies to state, not private).
4. (Last row: “A bank offers lower interest payments to people of minority backgrounds”): Private action, so neither.

But for the first few:

Let’s list each event with the violation:

1. Religious group banned: Equal Protection (state rule targets a group, unequal treatment).
2. Homes searched in immigrant neighborhood: Equal Protection (targets a group, unequal treatment).
3. Harsher punishments for boys: Equal Protection (unequal by gender).
4. Plea bargains by race: Equal Protection (unequal by race).
5. Young people curfew: Due Process (if the law is applied to all youth, but maybe the state is enforcing a law that treats youth differently—if it’s a valid law, maybe not. But the key is: Due Process is about fair treatment. If the curfew is a law that deprives youth of liberty without due process (e.g., no fair hearing), but curfews are administrative. Maybe the answer is Due Process.
6. Extra ID for foreign names: Equal Protection (unequal by ethnicity).
7. Rich people win trials: No state action (private lawyers), so neither.
8. Bank interest for minorities: Private action, so neither.

Answer:

(for each row, left to right):

1. Equal Protection
2. Equal Protection
3. Equal Protection
4. Equal Protection
5. Due Process
6. Equal Protection
7. Neither (but if forced, maybe Due Process? No, private)
8. Neither (private)
9. Neither (private)

(Note: The problem is to fill the right column. For the first five (state actions), the violations are as above. For private actions (bank, rich people), no state action, so neither. But the 14th Amendment applies to state and local governments, not private entities.)