Question

a nurse is assessing an older adult client who is experiencing age-related changes. which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

• increased joint stiffness
• increased calcification of bones
• increased balance
• increased muscle mass

Explanation:

Analyze the physiological effects of aging on the musculoskeletal system

Aging is associated with progressive, degenerative changes in the musculoskeletal system. Over time, joint cartilage thins and loses water content, while ligaments and tendons become less elastic and more rigid. These physiological alterations directly lead to decreased joint flexibility and a noticeable increase in joint stiffness, particularly after periods of inactivity.

Evaluate the incorrect options

• Increased calcification of bones: Aging is characterized by a decrease in bone density and bone mineral content (demineralization/osteopenia), rather than increased calcification. Bones become more porous and fragile.
• Increased balance: Neurological and musculoskeletal decline (such as muscle atrophy and joint stiffness) leads to decreased balance and stability, which increases the risk of falls in older adults.
• Increased muscle mass: Aging is associated with sarcopenia, which is the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function.

Answer:

• Increased joint stiffness (Correct answer)
• Increased calcification of bones
• Increased balance
• Increased muscle mass