Question

5 multiple choice 1 point
which of the following is an example of learning?
quickly removing your hand from a painfully hot object.
a baby getting startled after hearing a loud noise.
pupils constricting in bright sunlight.
a child raising their hand in class after theyve been disciplined for blurting out answers without raising their hand first.

6 multiple choice 1 point
in schedules of operant conditioning, what does the word ratio indicate?
the number of responses or amount of time between reinforcements remains the same
the number of responses or amount of time between reinforcements changes
the schedule is based on the amount of time in between reinforcements
the schedule is based on number of responses between reinforcements

Explanation:

Analyze Question 5

Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge resulting from experience.

• Removing a hand from a hot object, a baby getting startled, and pupils constricting in bright light are all innate, unlearned physiological reflexes.
• A child raising their hand after being disciplined is a change in voluntary behavior resulting from experience (operant conditioning), which represents learning.

Analyze Question 6

In operant conditioning schedules of reinforcement:

• "Ratio" refers to the number of behavioral responses required before reinforcement is delivered.
• "Interval" refers to the passage of a specific amount of time before reinforcement is delivered.
• Therefore, "ratio" indicates that the schedule is based on the number of responses between reinforcements.

Answer:

Question 5

• Quickly removing your hand from a painfully hot object.
• A baby getting startled after hearing a loud noise.
• Pupils constricting in bright sunlight.
• A child raising their hand in class after they've been disciplined for blurting out answers without raising their hand first. (Correct answer)

Question 6

• the number of responses or amount of time between reinforcements remains the same
• the number of responses or amount of time between reinforcements changes
• the schedule is based on the amount of time in between reinforcements
• the schedule is based on number of responses between reinforcements (Correct answer)