Question

4 multiple choice 10 points solar - powered calculators can collect and use light to generate power. which model best explains how this is possible? light as an atom light as a wave light as a force light as a particle 5 multiple choice 10 points which statement best describes one way light acts as a wave? light bends when it travels through different materials. light releases electrons from metal surfaces. light is absorbed only by dark - colored objects light speeds up when it travels through empty space.

Explanation:

Question 4

Solar - powered calculators use the photoelectric effect. The photoelectric effect is explained by the particle nature of light (photons). When photons (light as particles) strike a material, they can transfer energy to electrons and cause them to be emitted (in a more complex setup, this can be harnessed as electrical power). Light as an atom is not a valid model. Light as a wave does not explain the photoelectric effect (classical wave theory cannot account for the instantaneous emission of electrons and the frequency - dependence of the photoelectric effect). Light as a force is not a standard model for explaining energy generation in this context.

• Light bends when it travels through different materials: This is an example of refraction. Refraction is a wave - like property. Waves change direction when they move from one medium to another with a different refractive index.
• Light releases electrons from metal surfaces: This is the photoelectric effect, which is explained by the particle nature of light (photons).
• Light is absorbed only by dark - colored objects: This is a property related to the interaction of light with matter in terms of color and surface properties, not a wave - like property.
• Light speeds up when it travels through empty space: The speed of light in a vacuum is a constant (\(c = 3\times10^{8}\ m/s\)). It is slower in other media (e.g., \(v=\frac{c}{n}\), where \(n> 1\) for most media). This is not a wave - like property in the sense of wave behavior (e.g., interference, diffraction, refraction).

Answer:

light as a particle

Question 5