Question

intermediate

1. hafiz is investigating the potential difference across a bulb. he sets up the following circuit, x.

circuit x
(a) name the components in circuit x.
voltmeter
2
(b) hafiz closes the switch in circuit x and observes that the bulb does not light up. his classmate tells him that he has connected one of the components wrongly.
(i) identify the component that hafiz has connected wrongly.
1

Explanation:

Part (a)

To identify components in Circuit X, we analyze the diagram: there's a power source (battery), a measuring device for current (ammeter, labeled A), a measuring device for voltage (voltmeter, labeled V), a load (bulb), and a switch to control the circuit. Also, wires connect these, but the main components here are battery, ammeter, voltmeter, bulb, switch.

In a circuit, a voltmeter should be connected in parallel across the component (bulb) to measure potential difference. Here, the voltmeter is connected in series (along with the bulb, ammeter, etc.). Since voltmeters have very high resistance, connecting them in series blocks current (so bulb doesn't light), so the wrongly connected component is the voltmeter (it should be parallel, not series).

Answer:

Battery, Ammeter (A), Voltmeter (V), Bulb (or Lamp), Switch, and Connecting Wires (the key components to name are battery, ammeter, voltmeter, bulb, switch)

Part (b)(i)