Question

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Explanation:

Identify the given data

Using the Electrical Devices knowledge point, we analyze the table containing energy data for four types of light bulbs during one minute of use:

• Incandescent: Useful energy output (light) = \(180\text{ J}\), Total energy input = \(3\,600\text{ J}\)
• Fluorescent: Useful energy output (light) = \(250\text{ J}\), Total energy input = \(2\,400\text{ J}\)
• Halogen: Useful energy output (light) = \(450\text{ J}\), Total energy input = \(3\,000\text{ J}\)
• LED: Useful energy output (light) = \(660\text{ J}\), Total energy input = \(1\,300\text{ J}\)

Calculate efficiency for each bulb

Using the Energy Transformation knowledge point, efficiency is calculated as:

$$\text{Efficiency} = \frac{\text{Useful Energy Output}}{\text{Total Energy Input}} \times 100\%$$

• Incandescent:

$$\text{Efficiency} = \frac{180}{3\,600} \times 100\% = 5\%$$

• Fluorescent:

$$\text{Efficiency} = \frac{250}{2\,400} \times 100\% \approx 10.4\%$$

• Halogen:

$$\text{Efficiency} = \frac{450}{3\,000} \times 100\% = 15\%$$

• LED:

$$\text{Efficiency} = \frac{660}{1\,300} \times 100\% \approx 50.8\%$$

Determine the most efficient bulb

Comparing the calculated efficiency values:

• Incandescent: \(5\%\)
• Fluorescent: \(10.4\%\)
• Halogen: \(15\%\)
• LED: \(50.8\%\)

The LED bulb has the highest efficiency.

Answer:

• incandescent
• fluorescent
• halogen
• LED (Correct answer)