Question

how is thermal energy transferred during convection?
by physical contact
by electromagnetic waves
by movement in fluids
by mechanical waves

Explanation:

Thermal energy transfer during convection occurs when there is movement in fluids (liquids or gases). In convection, the warmer, less - dense part of the fluid rises and the cooler, denser part sinks, creating a circulation pattern that transfers thermal energy. Mechanical waves are related to the transfer of mechanical energy (like sound waves), electromagnetic waves (such as light) transfer electromagnetic energy, and physical contact is related to conduction (a different mode of heat transfer).

Answer:

by movement in fluids