Question

four conditions and conclusions are provided below. identify the law that allows each conclusion to be made provided the list of known variables.
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we know that the volume of intrapulmonary gas is lower following expiration due to the increased pressure of the thoracic cavity.
despite a small partial pressure gradient from the gas of alveoli to the blood, we know that carbon dioxide is capable of rapid diffusion due to its high solubility.

Explanation:

• Boyle's Law: This law states that pressure and volume are inversely related ($P_1V_1 = P_2V_2$). In the case of intrapulmonary gas volume being lower due to increased thoracic cavity pressure (after expiration), Boyle's Law is applicable as it shows the pressure - volume relationship.
• Henry's Law: Henry's Law states that the amount of a gas that dissolves in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas and its solubility in the liquid ($C = kH\times P$). Since carbon dioxide's rapid diffusion is due to its high solubility (even with a small partial pressure gradient), Henry's Law is relevant here.

Answer:

• "We know that the volume of intrapulmonary gas is lower following expiration due to the increased pressure of the thoracic cavity" → Boyle's Law.
• "Despite a small partial pressure gradient from the gas of alveoli to the blood, we know that carbon dioxide is capable of rapid diffusion due to its high solubility" → Henry's Law.