Question

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the layer closest to earths surface that contains most of the mass of the atmosphere is called the
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Explanation:

The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere. It extends from the Earth's surface up to an average height of about 12 km (7.5 miles). Most of the mass (about 75 - 80%) of the atmosphere is in the troposphere. This is because the force of gravity pulls the air molecules closer to the Earth's surface, and it is also where weather phenomena occur.

Answer:

troposphere