Question

the diagram below shows events that occurred within sedimentary rock layers.
which accurately explains the relative age of the events?
a the fault is the oldest event, and layer g is the youngest event.
b the fault is the oldest event, and igneous intrusion h is the youngest event.
c the fault is the youngest event, and layer g is the oldest event.
d the fault is the youngest event, and igneous intrusion h is the oldest event.

Explanation:

Step1: Apply the principle of superposition

In sedimentary rock layers, the lower layers are generally older. Layer \(G\) is the lowest among the sedimentary layers shown, so it is the oldest.

Step2: Analyze the fault and intrusion

A fault cuts through existing rock layers. Here, the fault cuts through layer \(G\), \(F\), and part of the intrusion \(H\). An igneous intrusion \(H\) cuts through \(G\) and \(F\). But the fault cuts through \(H\) (as seen in the diagram). According to the principle of cross - cutting relationships, the feature that cuts through another is younger. So the fault is younger than \(H\), and \(H\) is younger than \(G\) and \(F\).

Answer:

C. The fault is the youngest event, and layer \(G\) is the oldest event.