Question

diabetes
which statement best describes the differences between the characteristics of type 1 and type 2 diabetes?
persons with type 2 diabetes have a very low level of insulin than persons with type 1 diabetes because their pancreas stops making insulin.
persons with type 1 diabetes have insulin resistance.
persons with type 1 diabetes can increase endogenous insulin production by taking oral hypoglycemic agents.
autoimmune factors are involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 but not type 2 diabetes.

Explanation:

• Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where the immune system attacks and destroys the insulin - producing beta cells in the pancreas. So, autoimmune factors are involved in its pathogenesis.
• In type 2 diabetes, the main issues are insulin resistance (cells don't respond well to insulin) and relative insulin deficiency (pancreas can still produce some insulin, but not enough to overcome resistance). Oral hypoglycemic agents work in type 2 diabetes (e.g., sulfonylureas stimulate insulin secretion from remaining beta cells in some cases of type 2, but type 1 has no functional beta cells). Type 1 diabetes has absolute insulin deficiency (pancreas stops making insulin), while type 2 has relative insulin deficiency (initially may have normal or even high insulin levels due to compensation for resistance). Insulin resistance is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes, not type 1.

Answer:

Autoimmune factors are involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 but not type 2 diabetes.