Question

describing kinetic and potential energy
which statements describe kinetic and potential energy? check all that apply.
energy can be stored in the position of an object.
energy is not present in a moving object.
energy can be stored in the position of the particles that make up a substance.
energy exists as movement of the particles of a substance.
energy is greater in faster - moving particles than in slower - moving particles.
energy is lower in objects with greater mass than in objects with less mass.

Explanation:

• Energy can be stored in the position of an object: This is potential energy. For example, a book on a shelf has gravitational potential energy due to its height.
• Energy is not present in a moving object: This is incorrect. Moving objects have kinetic energy. The formula for kinetic energy is \(K = \frac{1}{2}mv^{2}\), where \(m\) is mass and \(v\) is velocity.
• Energy can be stored in the position of the particles that make up a substance: This is related to potential energy at the molecular level (e.g., chemical potential energy).
• Energy exists as movement of the particles of a substance: This is kinetic energy at the molecular level (thermal energy is a form of kinetic energy of particle motion).
• Energy is greater in faster - moving particles than in slower - moving particles: Using the kinetic energy formula \(K=\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}\), if \(m\) is constant (same particle type), a higher \(v\) (faster - moving) means higher \(K\).
• Energy is lower in objects with greater mass than in objects with less mass: This is incorrect. From \(K = \frac{1}{2}mv^{2}\), if \(v\) is the same, a greater \(m\) means greater \(K\). And for potential energy \(U = mgh\) (gravitational potential energy), greater \(m\) (with same \(g\) and \(h\)) means greater \(U\).

Answer:

Energy can be stored in the position of an object, Energy can be stored in the position of the particles that make up a substance, Energy exists as movement of the particles of a substance, Energy is greater in faster - moving particles than in slower - moving particles.