Question

chapter 21 climate
section 21.1 factors that affect
climate
this section explains how latitude, elevation, topography, water, winds, and vegetation affect climate.
reading strategy
summarizing information as you read, summarize the effect(s) each factor has on climate. for more information on this reading strategy, see the reading and study skills in the skills and reference handbook at the end of your textbook.

factor	effect(s) on climate
2. elevation	b.
3. topography	c.
4. water bodies	d.
5. global wind	e.
6. vegetation	f.

factors that affect climate

1. circle the letter of the answer that correctly completes the following sentence. as latitude increases, the average intensity of solar energy

a. decreases. b. increases.
c. stays the same. d. is unrelated.

1. temperate zones have ____ summers and ____ winters because of the angle of the sun’s rays and the length of daylight in the summer and winter.
2. why do the polar zones have cold temperatures year - round?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

1. is the following sentence true or false? the polar zones are located between 66.5° north and south latitudes and the poles.

____________________

1. circle the letter of the region between the tropic of cancer and the tropic of capricorn.

a. polar zone b. temperate zone
c. tropics d. equator

Explanation:

Question 1

Step1: Recall Latitude - Solar Energy Relationship

Latitude affects solar energy intensity. At higher latitudes (farther from equator), solar rays spread over larger area, so intensity decreases.

Step2: Evaluate Options

Option a says "decreases" which matches the relationship. Options b (increases), c (stays same), d (unrelated) are incorrect.

Step1: Recall Temperate Zone Seasons

Temperate zones (e.g., between tropics and polar regions) have warm summers (due to more direct sun in summer) and cool/cold winters (less direct sun in winter).

Step2: Fill in Blanks

So temperate zones have "warm" summers and "cool" (or "cold") winters.

Step1: Analyze Polar Zone Latitude

Polar zones are at high latitudes (around \(66.5^\circ\) to poles). Solar rays hit at very low angle, spreading over large area, so low intensity.

Step2: Explain Temperature

This low solar energy intensity leads to little heating, so temperatures stay cold year - round. Also, ice/snow reflect much solar energy (albedo effect), reducing absorption.

Answer:

a. decreases

Question 2