Question

the cerebellum can be permanently damaged by stroke or temporarily affected by drugs or alcohol. the resulting disturbance in motor control is known as
aphasia.
ataxia.
dysphagia.
epilepsy.
parkinsons.
check answer

Explanation:

• Aphasia: It is related to language problems (like difficulty in speaking, understanding language), not motor control. So this option is incorrect.
• Ataxia: The cerebellum is crucial for coordinated movement. When it is damaged (permanently by stroke or temporarily by drugs/alcohol), ataxia (a disorder of motor control leading to uncoordinated movements, problems with balance, etc.) occurs. This option is correct.
• Dysphagia: It refers to difficulty in swallowing. It is not related to the general motor - control disturbance described here. So this option is incorrect.
• Epilepsy: It is characterized by recurrent seizures due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain. It is not directly related to the motor - control issue caused by cerebellar damage. So this option is incorrect.
• Parkinson's: It is mainly due to dopamine - producing neuron loss in the substantia nigra (not primarily cerebellar damage). Symptoms include tremors, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), etc. So this option is incorrect.

Answer:

B. ataxia.