Question

beta - emission is associated with

• conversion of a neutron to a proton
• conversion of a proton to a neutron
• increase in mass number
• decrease in mass number by 4 and atomic number by 2
• emission of γ - rays

which type of radiation below is the easiest to block (shield)?

• gamma rays
• alpha particles
• beta particles

Explanation:

Step1: Recall beta - emission concept

Beta - emission occurs when a neutron is converted into a proton and an electron (beta particle) is emitted. So, beta emission is associated with the conversion of a neutron to a proton.

Step2: Analyze radiation - blocking ability

Gamma rays are high - energy electromagnetic radiation. Alpha particles are large and can be stopped by a sheet of paper. Beta particles can be stopped by a thin sheet of metal. Gamma rays require thick lead or concrete to be blocked, while alpha particles are the easiest to block.

Answer:

1. Conversion of a neutron to a proton
2. Alpha particle