Question

based on the model, which statement correctly describes the gravitational force between planet a and planet b?
a. the gravitational force is stronger on planet a than on planet b.
b. the gravitational force only acts from planet a to planet b.
c. the gravitational force is equal in magnitude for both planets.
d. the gravitational force is weaker on planet a than on planet b.

Explanation:

To solve this, we use Newton's third law of motion (action - reaction) and the law of universal gravitation. Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In the case of gravitational force between two objects (like Planet A and Planet B), the gravitational force that Planet A exerts on Planet B is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the gravitational force that Planet B exerts on Planet A.

• Option A: Incorrect. The gravitational force on Planet A (exerted by Planet B) and the gravitational force on Planet B (exerted by Planet A) are equal in magnitude.
• Option B: Incorrect. Gravitational force is a mutual force, meaning it acts from Planet A to Planet B and from Planet B to Planet A simultaneously.
• Option C: Correct. As per Newton's third law and the nature of gravitational force, the magnitude of the gravitational force between the two planets is the same for both.
• Option D: Incorrect. The magnitude of the gravitational force is the same for both planets, so it is not weaker on Planet A than on Planet B.

Answer:

C. The gravitational force is equal in magnitude for both planets.