QUESTION IMAGE
Question
- always use significant figure rules. remember that these rules apply to all numbers that are measurements.
a 10,000 - kg railroad car travels down the track at 30 m/s and hits a second stationary railroad car of 20,000 kg. the
cars become coupled and continue traveling. calculate the final velocity of the cars.
10 m/s
40 m/s
30 m/s
20 m/s
Step1: Aplicar la ley de conservación de la cantidad de movimiento
La cantidad de movimiento inicial \(p_i = m_1v_1+m_2v_2\), donde \(m_1 = 10000\space kg\), \(v_1=30\space m/s\), \(m_2 = 20000\space kg\) y \(v_2 = 0\space m/s\) (el segundo vagón está en reposo). Entonces \(p_i=10000\times30+20000\times0 = 300000\space kg\cdot m/s\).
La cantidad de movimiento final \(p_f=(m_1 + m_2)v_f\), donde \(m_1 + m_2=10000 + 20000=30000\space kg\) y \(v_f\) es la velocidad final.
Step2: Igualar \(p_i\) y \(p_f\)
Según la ley de conservación de la cantidad de movimiento \(p_i = p_f\), entonces \(300000=(30000)v_f\). Resolviendo para \(v_f\), \(v_f=\frac{300000}{30000}=10\space m/s\).
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10 m/s