Question

49 matching 2 points
match the following concepts with the correct scientist
classical conditioning
unconditioned response
operant conditioning
negative reinforcement
pavlov
skinner
50 multiple choice 2 points
_____ is characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by attempts to compensate for the excessive amount of food that was consumed.
prader-willi syndrome
morbid obesity
bulimia nervosa
anorexia nervosa

Explanation:

• Question 49:
• Classical Conditioning: Ivan Pavlov is famous for his experiments on classical conditioning with dogs. In classical conditioning, a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response.
• Unconditioned Response: This is also a term from Pavlov's classical - conditioning framework. An unconditioned response is an automatic response to an unconditioned stimulus (e.g., salivation in response to food - the unconditioned stimulus).
• Operant Conditioning: B.F. Skinner is the key figure in operant conditioning. Operant conditioning involves learning through the consequences of behavior (reinforcement or punishment).
• Negative Reinforcement: This is a concept within Skinner's operant - conditioning theory. Negative reinforcement is the removal of an aversive stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior.
• Question 50:
• Prader - Willi syndrome: It is a genetic disorder characterized by hypotonia (low muscle tone), intellectual disability, and insatiable hunger, but not by binge - eating and compensatory behavior.
• Morbid obesity: It refers to a severe degree of obesity (usually \(BMI\geq40\)), but it does not specifically describe the cycle of binge - eating and compensatory behavior.
• Bulimia nervosa: The diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa include recurrent episodes of binge - eating (eating a large amount of food in a short period of time) followed by inappropriate compensatory behavior (such as self - induced vomiting, excessive exercise, or the use of laxatives).
• Anorexia nervosa: Characterized by restricted food intake, an intense fear of gaining weight, and a distorted body image. It does not involve the binge - purge cycle described in the question.

Answer:

• Question 49:
• Classical Conditioning: Pavlov
• Unconditioned Response: Pavlov
• Operant Conditioning: Skinner
• Negative Reinforcement: Skinner
• Question 50: C. bulimia nervosa