Question

21 essay 5 points explain what part of the engine is used to connect the crankshaft to the camshaft, what is the ratio of rotation between the crankshaft and camshaft(s) and why the movement of the pistons and engine valves need to be synchronized.

Explanation:

The part used to connect the crankshaft to the camshaft is typically a timing belt or chain. The ratio of rotation is 2:1 (crankshaft rotates twice for every one rotation of the camshaft). This is because the four - stroke engine cycle (intake, compression, power, exhaust) requires two full rotations of the crankshaft. The synchronization is needed so that the valves open and close at the correct times relative to the piston's position. For example, the intake valve should open when the piston is moving down (intake stroke), and the exhaust valve should open when the piston is moving up (exhaust stroke). If not synchronized, the engine will not operate efficiently or may not operate at all as the air - fuel mixture intake and exhaust gas expulsion will be disrupted.

Answer:

The part is a timing belt/chain. The ratio is 2:1 (crankshaft:camshaft). Synchronization is for proper valve - piston timing in engine cycles.