Question

1. what should cosmetologists do to reduce the risk of spreading nail infections between clients

a) they should utilize shortcuts when cleaning and disinfecting to save time.
b) they should reuse items such as buffers, nail files, and wooden pusher sticks.
c) they should tell clients that a specific nail disease is present if they find associated
symptoms.
d) they should always mix disinfectants according to the product label, use them
correctly, and follow the steps of implementation and disinfection of the work station

1. any natural nail disease or deformity is known as

a) dermatitis c) onychosis
b) eczema d) impetigo

1. matrix inflammation and nail shedding, resulting from injury or infection, is known as

a) impetigo c) onychomycosis
b) onychia d) paronychia

1. paronychia refers to

a) bacterial inflammation of the tissues around the nail plate, causing pus, swelling,
redness
b) fungal infections of the feet, seen as red patches or scaling of the skin on the bott
feet
c) separation of the nail plate and nail bed, often due to injury or allergic reactions
d) ingrown nails, wherein the nail grows into the sides of the tissue around the nail

1. which of the following is most likely a symptom of a nail infection caused by pseudo

aeruginosa?
a) whitish patches that can be scraped off the nail’s surface
b) a yellow-green spot that becomes darker in its advanced stage
c) matrix inflammation and nail shedding
d) lengthwise grooves in the nail plate

Explanation:

• Question 11:
• Option A: Utilizing shortcuts in cleaning and disinfecting is incorrect as it would increase, not reduce, infection risk.
• Option B: Reusing items like buffers, nail files, and wooden pusher sticks can spread infections, so this is wrong.
• Option C: Cosmetologists should not diagnose specific nail diseases (that's a medical professional's role), so this is incorrect.
• Option D: Mixing disinfectants per label, using them correctly, and following workstation disinfection steps is a proper infection - control measure.
• Question 12:
• Dermatitis (A) is a general skin inflammation. Eczema (B) is a type of skin condition. Impetigo (D) is a bacterial skin infection. Onychosis (C) specifically refers to natural nail diseases or deformities.
• Question 13:
• Impetigo (A) is a skin infection. Onychomycosis (C) is a fungal nail infection. Paronychia (D) is an infection around the nail. Onychia (B) is matrix inflammation and nail shedding due to injury or infection.
• Question 14:
• Option B describes a foot fungal infection (like athlete's foot). Option C is onycholysis (nail - plate separation). Option D is an ingrown nail. Option A correctly defines paronychia as a bacterial inflammation around the nail plate with pus, swelling, and redness.
• Question 15:
• Whitish patches (A) could be due to other causes (e.g., superficial white onychomycosis). Matrix inflammation and shedding (C) is onychia. Lengthwise grooves (D) can have various non - Pseudomonas aeruginosa related causes. A yellow - green spot that darkens (B) is a symptom associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa nail infections.

Answer:

1. D. They should always mix disinfectants according to the product label, use them correctly, and follow the steps of implementation and disinfection of the work station.
2. C. onychosis
3. B. onychia
4. A. bacterial inflammation of the tissues around the nail plate, causing pus, swelling, redness
5. B. a yellow - green spot that becomes darker in its advanced stage