Question

write the compound name for the following formulas. * = polyvalent

1. mg(cro₄)
2. k(hco₃)
3. pb(co₃)*
4. ca(no₃)₂
5. ni(hco₃)₂*
6. ag₃(po₄)
7. zn(no₃)₂
8. fe₂(cro₄)₃*
9. mg(oh)₂
10. hg₃(po₄)₂*
11. sr₃(po₄)₂
12. cr(no₃)₂*
13. k₃(po₄)
14. (nh₄)₂(so₄)
15. ni(cro₄)*

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze the compound formula (taking 1. Mg(Cr₂O₇) as an example)

Identify the cation and anion. The cation is \( \text{Mg}^{2+} \) (magnesium ion), and the anion is \( \text{Cr}_2\text{O}_7^{2-} \) (dichromate ion). Since the charges balance (2+ and 2- cancel out), we name the cation first then the anion.

Step2: Name the cation and anion

The cation is magnesium, and the anion is dichromate. So the compound name is Magnesium Dichromate.

Step3: Analyze 2. K(HCO₃)

Cation: \( \text{K}^+ \) (potassium ion), anion: \( \text{HCO}_3^- \) (bicarbonate or hydrogen carbonate ion). Name: Potassium Bicarbonate (or Potassium Hydrogen Carbonate).

Step4: Analyze 3. Pb(CO₃)* (assuming Pb is +2, since carbonate is -2)

Cation: \( \text{Pb}^{2+} \) (lead(II) ion), anion: \( \text{CO}_3^{2-} \) (carbonate ion). Name: Lead(II) Carbonate.

Step5: Analyze 4. Ca(NO₃)₂

Cation: \( \text{Ca}^{2+} \) (calcium ion), anion: \( \text{NO}_3^- \) (nitrate ion, with 2 nitrate ions to balance 2+ charge). Name: Calcium Nitrate.

Step6: Analyze 5. Ni(HCO₃)₂* (assuming Ni is +2, bicarbonate is -1, so 2 bicarbonates balance 2+ charge)

Cation: \( \text{Ni}^{2+} \) (nickel(II) ion), anion: \( \text{HCO}_3^- \) (bicarbonate ion, 2 of them). Name: Nickel(II) Bicarbonate (or Nickel(II) Hydrogen Carbonate).

Step7: Analyze 6. Ag₃(PO₄)

Cation: \( \text{Ag}^+ \) (silver ion, 3 of them to balance \( \text{PO}_4^{3-} \) (phosphate ion, -3 charge)). Name: Silver Phosphate.

Step8: Analyze 7. Zn(NO₃)₂

Cation: \( \text{Zn}^{2+} \) (zinc ion), anion: \( \text{NO}_3^- \) (nitrate ion, 2 of them). Name: Zinc Nitrate.

Step9: Analyze 8. Fe₂(CrO₄)₃* (Fe is +3, since 2 Fe³+ (total +6) balance 3 \( \text{CrO}_4^{2-} \) (total -6))

Cation: \( \text{Fe}^{3+} \) (iron(III) ion), anion: \( \text{CrO}_4^{2-} \) (chromate ion, 3 of them). Name: Iron(III) Chromate.

Step10: Analyze 9. Mg(OH)₂

Cation: \( \text{Mg}^{2+} \) (magnesium ion), anion: \( \text{OH}^- \) (hydroxide ion, 2 of them). Name: Magnesium Hydroxide.

Step11: Analyze 10. Hg₃(PO₄)₂* (Hg is +2, since 3 Hg²+ (total +6) balance 2 \( \text{PO}_4^{3-} \) (total -6))

Cation: \( \text{Hg}^{2+} \) (mercury(II) ion), anion: \( \text{PO}_4^{3-} \) (phosphate ion, 2 of them). Name: Mercury(II) Phosphate.

Step12: Analyze 11. Sr₃(PO₄)₂

Cation: \( \text{Sr}^{2+} \) (strontium ion, 3 of them to balance 2 \( \text{PO}_4^{3-} \) (total -6, 3 Sr²+ give +6)). Name: Strontium Phosphate.

Step13: Analyze 12. Cr(NO₃)₂* (Cr is +2, nitrate is -1, 2 nitrates balance 2+ charge)

Cation: \( \text{Cr}^{2+} \) (chromium(II) ion), anion: \( \text{NO}_3^- \) (nitrate ion, 2 of them). Name: Chromium(II) Nitrate.

Step14: Analyze 13. K₃(PO₄)

Cation: \( \text{K}^+ \) (potassium ion, 3 of them to balance \( \text{PO}_4^{3-} \) (phosphate ion, -3 charge)). Name: Potassium Phosphate.

Step15: Analyze 14. (NH₄)₂(SO₄)

Cation: \( \text{NH}_4^+ \) (ammonium ion, 2 of them), anion: \( \text{SO}_4^{2-} \) (sulfate ion). Name: Ammonium Sulfate.

Step16: Analyze 15. Ni(CrO₄)* (Ni is +2, chromate is -2, so 1:1 ratio)

Cation: \( \text{Ni}^{2+} \) (nickel(II) ion), anion: \( \text{CrO}_4^{2-} \) (chromate ion). Name: Nickel(II) Chromate.

Answer:

1. Magnesium Dichromate
2. Potassium Bicarbonate (or Potassium Hydrogen Carbonate)
3. Lead(II) Carbonate
4. Calcium Nitrate
5. Nickel(II) Bicarbonate (or Nickel(II) Hydrogen Carbonate)
6. Silver Phosphate
7. Zinc Nitrate
8. Iron(III) Chromate
9. Magnesium Hydroxide
10. Mercury(II) Phosphate
11. Strontium Phosphate
12. Chromium(II) Nitrate
13. Potassium Phosphate
14. Ammonium Sulfate
15. Nickel(II) Chromate