Question

1. which statement is correct about intermolecular versus intramolecular forces?

intramolecular forces exist between separate molecules. hydrogen bonding is an example.
intermolecular forces exist between separate molecules. covalent bonding is an example.
intramolecular forces exist within a single molecule. covalent bonding is an example.
intermolecular forces exist within a single molecule. hydrogen bonding is an example.

Explanation:

To solve this, we recall the definitions:

• Intramolecular forces: Forces within a single molecule (e.g., covalent, ionic bonds).
• Intermolecular forces: Forces between separate molecules (e.g., hydrogen bonding, London dispersion forces).

Now analyze each option:

1. First option: Intramolecular forces are not between molecules (they are within), and hydrogen bonding is intermolecular. Eliminate.
2. Second option: Intermolecular forces are between molecules, but covalent bonding is intramolecular. Eliminate.
3. Third option: Intramolecular forces exist within a molecule, and covalent bonding is an example (e.g., bonds holding atoms in a $\ce{H2O}$ molecule together). This matches definitions.
4. Fourth option: Intermolecular forces are between molecules, not within. Eliminate.

Answer:

C. Intramolecular forces exist within a single molecule. Covalent bonding is an example. (Note: Assuming the third option is labeled as C; adjust identifier based on original question’s numbering if needed.)