Question

x. stop and think
element with electron configuration

proton # electrons # valence electrons metal or nonmetal to get a full outer shell new # of electrons new charge ion that forms

sodium (na) 2,8,1 11 11 1 m lose 1 11 - 1 = 10 +1 na +1
chlorine (cl) 2,8,7 17 17 7 nm gain 1 17 + 1 = 18 -1 cl -1
magnesium (mg) 2,8,2
oxygen (o) 2,6
nitrogen (n) 2,5
xi. trend for ionic charge

• if these charges are not on the top of your periodic table, add them now.

xii. common ions formed:
xiii. covalent bonding
a. electrons are ____ between ____ elements.
b. covalent bonds are also called ______ bonds as they form molecules.
(periodic table of the elements image included)

Explanation:

For part A of "Covalent Bonding": Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between non - metal elements. This is a fundamental concept in chemistry (a subfield of Natural Science) where covalent bonding is defined by the mutual sharing of valence electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration, typically between non - metallic atoms.
For part B: Covalent bonds are also called molecular bonds because the result of covalent bonding is the formation of molecules. In a covalent bond, atoms share electrons, and the group of atoms held together by these bonds forms a molecule, hence the alternative name.

Answer:

A. shared; non - metal
B. molecular