Question

review - year 10 chemistry

activity 1 - key terms

complete the vocab boxes given below.

(i) use a dictionary/scipad book1/or your device to find the scientific definition of the word in the middle.
(ii) illustration - a quick sketch of what the definition \looks like\
(iii) give at least 2 examples
(iv) use in a sentence - you can use any form of the word (e.g, if the word is dissolve - you can use the words dissolves/dissolving/dissolved, or dissolve in your sentence)

words

1. solute
2. solvent
3. solution
4. soluble
5. insoluble

Explanation:

Define vocabulary terms

Using the Solute and Solvent and Chemical Solutions knowledge points, we define the five key terms:

• Solute: The substance dissolved in a solvent.
• Solvent: The dissolving medium, usually a liquid.
• Solution: A homogeneous mixture of solute and solvent.
• Soluble: Able to be dissolved in a solvent.
• Insoluble: Incapable of being dissolved in a solvent.

Provide examples

Using the Solute and Solvent and Chemical Solutions knowledge points, we identify common examples:

• Solute: Salt, sugar.
• Solvent: Water, ethanol.
• Solution: Saltwater, fizzy drinks.
• Soluble: Salt in water, sugar in tea.
• Insoluble: Sand in water, oil in water.

Create contextual sentences

Using the Solute and Solvent and Chemical Solutions knowledge points, we construct clear scientific sentences:

• Solute: The solute dissolved quickly when heated.
• Solvent: Water is known as the universal solvent.
• Solution: Stirring helps create a uniform solution.
• Soluble: Sugar is highly soluble in warm water.
• Insoluble: Plastic is insoluble in water.

Describe illustrations

Using the Solute and Solvent and Chemical Solutions knowledge points, we describe simple visual representations:

• Solute: Small particles entering a liquid.
• Solvent: A beaker filled with liquid molecules.
• Solution: A uniform mixture of two particle types.
• Soluble: Particles dispersing completely in liquid.
• Insoluble: Particles settling at the bottom.

Answer:

Question 1: Solute

• Definition: A substance that is dissolved in a solvent to form a solution.
• Illustration: A sketch showing solid particles (like salt crystals) being added into a beaker of liquid.
• Examples:

1. Salt (sodium chloride)
2. Sugar (sucrose)

• Sentence: The solute dissolved completely in the warm water after stirring.

Question 2: Solvent

• Definition: A substance, typically a liquid, that dissolves a solute to form a solution.
• Illustration: A sketch of a beaker filled with liquid water molecules, ready to dissolve a substance.
• Examples:

1. Water
2. Ethanol (alcohol)

• Sentence: Water is often called the universal solvent because it dissolves many substances.

Question 3: Solution

• Definition: A homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances, where a solute is completely dissolved in a solvent.
• Illustration: A sketch of a beaker containing a completely clear, uniform liquid with evenly distributed particles.
• Examples:

1. Saltwater
2. Air (a gaseous solution)

• Sentence: The chemist prepared a saltwater solution for the laboratory experiment.

Question 4: Soluble

• Definition: Capable of being dissolved, especially in a liquid solvent.
• Illustration: A sketch showing solid particles dispersing and disappearing into a liquid.
• Examples:

1. Table salt in water
2. Food coloring in water

• Sentence: Sugar is highly soluble in hot tea, making it easy to sweeten.

Question 5: Insoluble

• Definition: Incapable of being dissolved in a specific liquid solvent.
• Illustration: A sketch showing solid particles settling at the bottom of a beaker filled with liquid, remaining separate.
• Examples:

1. Sand in water
2. Oil in water

• Sentence: Sand is insoluble in water, so it settles at the bottom of the container.