Question

1. the results of the gold - foil experiment led to the conclusion that an atom is a) mostly empty space and has a small, positively charged nucleus b) mostly empty space and has a small, negatively charged nucleus c) a hard sphere and has a large, negatively charged nucleus d) a hard sphere and has a large, positively charged nucleus 2. as a result of the gold - foil experiment, it was concluded that an atom a) contains protons, neutrons, and electrons b) contains a small, dense nucleus c) has protons and orbitals d) is a hard, indivisible sphere 3. which statement describes the earliest model of the atom? a) an atom is an indivisible hard sphere. b) an atom has a small, dense nucleus. c) electrons are negative particles in an atom. d) electrons in an atom have wave - like properties. 4. the discovery of the electron as a subatomic particle was a result of a) collision theory b) kinetic molecular theory c) the gold - foil experiment d) experiments with cathode - ray tubes 5. the gold - foil experiment led to the conclusion that each atom in the foil was mostly empty space because most alpha particles directed at the foil a) passed through the foil b) remained trapped in the foil c) were deflected by the nuclei in gold atoms d) were deflected by the electrons in gold atoms 6. given a list of atomic model descriptions: a: electron shells outside a central nucleus b: hard, indivisible sphere c: mostly empty space which list of atomic model descriptions represent the order of historical development from the earliest to the most recent? a) a, b, c b) a, c, b c) b, c, a d) b, a, c 7. which particle has the least mass? a) a proton b) an electron c) a helium atom d) a hydrogen atom 8. which particle has a mass that is approximately equal to the mass of a proton? a) an alpha particle b) a beta particle c) a neutron d) a positron 9. four statements about the development of the atomic model are shown below. a: electrons have wave - like properties. b: atoms have small, negatively charged particles. c: the center of an atom is a small, dense nucleus. d: atoms are hard, indivisible spheres. which order of statements represents the historical development of the atomic model? a) c→d→a→b b) c→d→b→a c) d→b→a→c d) d→b→c→a 10. in the late 1800s, experiments using cathode - ray tubes led to the discovery of the a) electron b) neutron c) positron d) proton 11. what conclusion directly resulted from the “gold foil experiment”? a) atoms are mostly empty space. b) atoms are hard, indivisible spheres. c) electrons are located in shells. d) electrons have a small mass. 12. which part of a helium atom is positively charged? a) electron b) neutron c) nucleus d) orbital

Explanation:

1. The gold - foil experiment showed that an atom is mostly empty space with a small, positively charged nucleus. So, the answer for questions related to the results of the gold - foil experiment is based on this fact.
2. The earliest model of the atom was the indivisible hard - sphere model.
3. Electrons were discovered through experiments with cathode - ray tubes.
4. Protons and neutrons have approximately the same mass, and electrons have a much smaller mass.
5. The nucleus of an atom (in the case of helium) is positively charged.

Answer:

1. d
2. b
3. a
4. d
5. a
6. a
7. c
8. b
9. c
10. c
11. a
12. a
13. c