Question

question 2. complete the following statements by filling in the blanks with the most appropriate term or value.

1. the

rule explains that atoms gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve the stable electron configuration of a noble gas.

1. a cation is an ion that has a

charge because it
electrons.

1. an anion is an ion that has a

charge because it
electrons.

1. the electron configuration of ba²⁺ matches the noble gas

.

1. chlorine forms an anion, cl⁻, by

electron.

Explanation:

Step 1: Analyze each blank

1. The rule that explains atoms gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve noble gas electron configuration is the octet rule.
2. A cation is a positively charged ion because it loses electrons (losing negative electrons makes the atom positive).
3. An anion is a negatively charged ion because it gains electrons (gaining negative electrons makes the atom negative).
4. Barium (Ba) has atomic number 56. \( Ba^{2+} \) means it loses 2 electrons, so it has 54 electrons, which matches the noble gas xenon (Xe) (atomic number 54).
5. Chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence electrons. To achieve octet, it gains 1 electron to form \( Cl^- \).

Step 2: Fill in the blanks

1. The \(\boldsymbol{\text{octet}}\) rule...
2. A cation is an ion that has a \(\boldsymbol{\text{positive}}\) charge because it \(\boldsymbol{\text{loses}}\) electrons.
3. An anion is an ion that has a \(\boldsymbol{\text{negative}}\) charge because it \(\boldsymbol{\text{gains}}\) electrons.
4. The electron configuration of \( Ba^{2+} \) matches the noble gas \(\boldsymbol{\text{xenon (Xe)}}\).
5. Chlorine forms an anion, \( Cl^- \), by \(\boldsymbol{\text{gaining}}\) \(\boldsymbol{\text{1}}\) electron.

Answer:

s:

1. octet
2. positive; loses
3. negative; gains
4. xenon (Xe)
5. gaining; 1