Question

question 51 (2 points)
how many electrons are there in the highest occupied energy level of atoms in group 5a elements?

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question 52 (2 points)
how many electrons are present in the d sublevel of a neutral atom of nickel?

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question 53 (2 points)
how many electrons are in a rubidium ion (rb^+)?

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question 54 (2 points)
how many electrons does the ion ca^{2+} contain?

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Explanation:

Question 51

Step1: Recall group - electron relation

In the periodic table, the group number (for main - group elements, groups 1A - 8A) gives the number of electrons in the highest - occupied energy level. Group 5A elements follow this rule.

Question 52

Step1: Write the electron configuration of nickel

The atomic number of nickel (\(Ni\)) is \(28\). The electron configuration of \(Ni\) is \(\text{1s}^2\text{2s}^2\text{2p}^6\text{3s}^2\text{3p}^6\text{3d}^8\text{4s}^2\). We are interested in the \(d\) - sublevel.

Question 53

Step1: Find the atomic number of rubidium

The atomic number of rubidium (\(Rb\)) is \(37\). A \(Rb^+\) ion is formed by losing one electron.

Question 54

Step1: Find the atomic number of calcium

The atomic number of calcium (\(Ca\)) is \(20\). A \(Ca^{2 +}\) ion is formed by losing two electrons.

Answer:

• Question 51: \(5\)
• Question 52: \(8\)
• Question 53: \(36\)
• Question 54: \(18\)