Question

question 16 (1 point)
in a(n) _i_reaction, a(n) _ii_ combines with a(n) _iii_ to form an ester and water. the statement given above is completed by the information in row
row i ii iii
a condensation carboxylic acid alcohol
b condensation alcohol alkane
c addition carboxylic acid alcohol
d addition alcohol alkane
e substitution carboxylic acid alkane
a) c
b) d
c) b
d) e
e) a

Explanation:

• Condensation reaction: In organic chemistry, a condensation reaction is a reaction where two molecules combine to form a larger molecule with the elimination of a small molecule (in this case, water).
• Carboxylic acid and alcohol: The reaction between a carboxylic acid (\(R - COOH\)) and an alcohol (\(R'-OH\)) is called esterification. The general equation for the reaction is \(R - COOH+R'-OH\underset{\Delta}{\overset{\text{H}^+\text{(catalyst)}}{\longrightarrow}}R - COOR'+H_2O\). Here, \(R - COOR'\) is an ester.
• Elimination of other options:
• Addition reaction: Addition reactions involve adding atoms or groups to a multiple - bonded compound (like alkenes or alkynes). Since we are forming an ester from two relatively saturated compounds (carboxylic acid and alcohol), addition is not the right reaction type.
• Alkane: Alkanes (\(C_nH_{2n + 2}\)) are relatively inert and do not react with carboxylic acids or alcohols in the way described to form esters. Substitution reactions of alkanes (like halogenation) are different from the reaction to form esters.

Answer:

e) A