Question

question 14 (5 points)
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elements in the same period
a) form bonds with the same type of elements.
b) have the same number of protons.
c) have the same number of valence electrons.
d) have the same principal quantum number.

Explanation:

• Option A: Elements in the same period can have different bonding behaviors (e.g., in period 2, Li is metallic and bonds with non - metals, while F is non - metallic and bonds with metals/non - metals), so they don't form bonds with the same type of elements.
• Option B: The number of protons is the atomic number, and elements in the same period have different atomic numbers (so different numbers of protons).
• Option C: Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons, not the same period. For example, in period 2, Li has 1 valence electron and Be has 2 valence electrons.
• Option D: The principal quantum number ($n$) for the outermost electrons is the same for elements in the same period. For example, in period 3, the outermost electrons of Na, Mg, etc. have $n = 3$.

Answer:

D. have the same principal quantum number.