Question

periodic table of the first eighteen elements
which of the following cards provides information about a metallic element?

card 1:
melting point: -210 °c
boiling point: -196 °c
atomic mass: 14.01
number of protons: 7

card 2:
melting point: -218 °c
boiling point: -183 °c
atomic mass: 16.00
number of protons: 8

card 3:
melting point: 650 °c
boiling point: 1 090 °c
atomic mass: 24.31
number of protons: 12

card 4:
melting point: 115 °c
boiling point: 445 °c
atomic mass: 32.07
number of protons: 16

Explanation:

Identify the target element type

The question asks to identify which card provides information about a metallic element. We need to analyze the properties listed on each card to determine which one represents a metal.

Analyze the properties on Card 1

• Properties: Melting point: \(-210\text{ }^\circ\text{C}\), Boiling point: \(-196\text{ }^\circ\text{C}\), Atomic mass: \(14.01\), Number of protons: \(7\).
• Identification: An element with \(7\) protons is Nitrogen (\(\text{N}\)). Nitrogen is a non-metal gas at room temperature.

Analyze the properties on Card 2

• Properties: Melting point: \(-219\text{ }^\circ\text{C}\), Boiling point: \(-183\text{ }^\circ\text{C}\), Atomic mass: \(16.00\), Number of protons: \(8\).
• Identification: An element with \(8\) protons is Oxygen (\(\text{O}\)). Oxygen is a non-metal gas at room temperature.

Analyze the properties on Card 3

• Properties: Melting point: \(650\text{ }^\circ\text{C}\), Boiling point: \(1\text{ }090\text{ }^\circ\text{C}\), Atomic mass: \(24.31\), Number of protons: \(12\).
• Identification: An element with \(12\) protons is Magnesium (\(\text{Mg}\)). Magnesium is an alkaline earth metal, which is a metallic element characterized by high melting and boiling points and typical metallic properties.

Analyze the properties on Card 4

• Properties: Melting point: \(115\text{ }^\circ\text{C}\), Boiling point: \(445\text{ }^\circ\text{C}\), Atomic mass: \(32.07\), Number of protons: \(16\).
• Identification: An element with \(16\) protons is Sulfur (\(\text{S}\)). Sulfur is a non-metal solid.

Match with the correct card

Using our knowledge of Classification of Matter, Physical Properties, and Chemical Properties, we identify that the card describing Magnesium (with \(12\) protons, a high melting point of \(650\text{ }^\circ\text{C}\), and a boiling point of \(1\text{ }090\text{ }^\circ\text{C}\)) represents the metallic element. This corresponds to the bottom-left card.

Answer:

• (A) Melting point: -210 °C, Boiling point: -196 °C, Atomic mass: 14.01, Number of protons: 7
• (B) Melting point: -219 °C, Boiling point: -183 °C, Atomic mass: 16.00, Number of protons: 8
• (C) Melting point: 650 °C, Boiling point: 1 090 °C, Atomic mass: 24.31, Number of protons: 12 (Correct answer)
• (D) Melting point: 115 °C, Boiling point: 445 °C, Atomic mass: 32.07, Number of protons: 16