Question

liquids and solids are referred to as \condensed phases\ because the attractive forces
cause molecules to become stationary.
leave little space between the molecules.
create large spaces between the molecules.
that hold the molecules together are negligible.

Explanation:

To determine why liquids and solids are called "condensed phases", we analyze each option:

• Option 1: Molecules in liquids and solids are not stationary (liquids have moving molecules, solids vibrate), so this is incorrect.
• Option 2: In condensed phases (liquids and solids), the intermolecular spaces are small (little space between molecules) compared to gases. This matches the reason for being condensed (molecules are close together).
• Option 3: Large spaces between molecules are characteristic of gases, not condensed phases, so this is incorrect.
• Option 4: Attractive forces holding molecules together are significant in condensed phases (not negligible), so this is incorrect.

Answer:

the option with "leave little space between the molecules" (the second option from the top, with the text "leave little space between the molecules")