Question

1. the jars below, from left to right, each contain exactly one mole of carbon, sulfur, and aluminum, respectively. which jar contains the most atoms?

the jar of carbon.
the jar of sulfur.
the jar of aluminum.
each jar contains the same number of atoms.

1. if each jar below contains exactly one mole of each element, which jar contains the greatest mass? (the atomic mass of each element is given.)

Explanation:

Step1: Recall Avogadro's number

Avogadro's number \(N_A = 6.022\times10^{23}\text{ mol}^{-1}\). The number of atoms \(n\) in a sample is given by \(n = N\times N_A\), where \(N\) is the number of moles.

Step2: Analyze the number of atoms

Since each jar has \(N = 1\) mole of the respective element, using the formula \(n = N\times N_A\), for carbon \(n_{C}=1\times N_A\), for sulfur \(n_{S}=1\times N_A\) and for aluminum \(n_{Al}=1\times N_A\)

Step3: Recall the formula for mass

The mass \(m\) of a sample is given by \(m=n\times M\), where \(n\) is the number of moles and \(M\) is the molar mass (atomic mass in g/mol). Given \(n = 1\) mole for each element. For carbon \(m_{C}=1\times12.011\space g\), for sulfur \(m_{S}=1\times32.065\space g\) and for aluminum \(m_{Al}=1\times26.982\space g\)

Answer:

1. Each jar contains the same number of atoms.
2. The jar of sulfur.