Question

how many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in this ion?
27/13 al+3
13 p+, 27 n°, 13 e-
13 p+, 14 n°, 13 e-
27 p+, 13 n°, 10 e-
13 p+, 14 n°, 10 e-

Explanation:

Step1: Determine the number of protons

The atomic number \( Z = 13\). For any atom or ion of a given element, the number of protons is equal to the atomic number. So, the number of protons \(p^{+}=13\).

Step2: Calculate the number of neutrons

The mass number \(A = 27\). The formula for the number of neutrons \(n^{0}\) is \(n^{0}=A - Z\). Substituting the values, we get \(n^{0}=27 - 13=14\).

Step3: Find the number of electrons

The ion is \(Al^{+3}\). For a neutral atom, the number of electrons \(e^{-}\) is equal to the number of protons. But for a cation \(X^{+m}\), the number of electrons \(e^{-}=Z - m\). Here \(Z = 13\) and \(m = 3\), so \(e^{-}=13 - 3 = 10\).

Answer:

\(13p^{+},14n^{0},10e^{-}\) (the fourth option)