Question

1. how many more neutrons does thorium - 230 have than protons? how many electrons does thorium - 230 have?

Explanation:

Step1: Find the number of protons

Thorium (\(Th\)) has an atomic number \(Z = 90\). The atomic number is equal to the number of protons. So, the number of protons \(p=90\).

Step2: Find the number of neutrons

The mass number \(A = 230\). The formula for the number of neutrons \(n\) is \(n=A - Z\). Substituting \(A = 230\) and \(Z = 90\), we get \(n=230 - 90=140\).

Step3: Calculate the difference between neutrons and protons

The difference \(d=n - p\). Substituting \(n = 140\) and \(p = 90\), we get \(d=140 - 90 = 50\).

Step4: Find the number of electrons

For a neutral atom, the number of electrons \(e\) is equal to the number of protons. Since \(p = 90\), \(e=90\).

Answer:

Thorium - 230 has 50 more neutrons than protons and 90 electrons.