Question

how many lone pairs of electrons need to be added to complete this l structure?
a) 6
b) 10
c) 0
d) 5
e) 1

Explanation:

Step1: Recall Lewis structure rules

In a Lewis structure, carbon (C) has 4 valence electrons and forms 4 bonds (either single, double, or triple). Hydrogen (H) has 1 valence electron and forms 1 bond. In the given structure (toluene, \(C_7H_8\)), all atoms (C and H) have their valence electrons fully utilized in bonding (each C has 4 bonds and each H has 1 bond).

Step2: Check for lone - pair requirement

Since all valence electrons are used in bonding (C - C and C - H bonds), there are no remaining electrons to form lone pairs.

Answer:

C. 0