group b: terminology
1. as a group, discuss how to fill out the following using these words:
molecules, elements, compounds, and atoms
diagram with \periodic table\ and empty boxes connected by arrows with labels like \is made up of\, he smallest pieces are\, \when 2 or more bond together\, he smallest pieces of these are called\
2. as a group, discuss some examples of each:
elements -
atoms -
compounds -
molecules -
3. as a group, write a formula for each of these compounds:
a. sodium chloride
b. magnesium chloride
c. water
d. carbon dioxide
elements & compounds lesson 14 © impact science education

Question

group b: terminology
1. as a group, discuss how to fill out the following using these words:
molecules, elements, compounds, and atoms
diagram with \periodic table\ and empty boxes connected by arrows with labels like \is made up of\, 	he smallest pieces are\, \when 2 or more bond together\, 	he smallest pieces of these are called\
2. as a group, discuss some examples of each:
elements -
atoms -
compounds -
molecules -
3. as a group, write a formula for each of these compounds:
 a. sodium chloride
 b. magnesium chloride
 c. water
 d. carbon dioxide
elements & compounds lesson 14 © impact science education

Accepted Answer

# Explanation:
## Step1: Analyze the Periodic Table's components
The Periodic Table is made up of Elements. So the first blank (connected to "Periodic Table - Is made up of") is Elements.
## Step2: Determine the smallest piece of an element
The smallest pieces of Elements are Atoms. So the next blank (connected to "Elements - the smallest pieces are") is Atoms.
## Step3: What forms when atoms bond
When 2 or more Atoms bond together, they form Molecules. So the blank connected to "Atoms - when 2 or more bond together" is Molecules.
## Step4: What forms when molecules (or atoms of different elements) bond
When 2 or more different Atoms (in molecules or directly) bond together (specifically different elements), they form Compounds. Also, the smallest pieces of Compounds are Molecules? Wait, no—wait, the other path: "The smallest pieces of these (Compounds) are called Molecules"? Wait, let's re - structure.

Wait, let's correct:

1. Periodic Table is made up of Elements.
2. Elements are made up of Atoms (smallest piece of an element is an atom).
3. When two or more Atoms bond together, they form Molecules (if same element, like $O_2$; if different, they can form compounds, but first, molecules are formed by bonded atoms).
4. When two or more different Atoms (from different elements) bond together, they form Compounds. Also, the smallest piece of a Compound is a Molecule (since a compound is a molecule made of different elements). Wait, the diagram:

First box (top right, from Periodic Table): Elements

Second box (below Elements): Atoms (smallest of elements)

Third box (from Atoms, "when 2 or more bond together"): Molecules

Fourth box (from Molecules, "when 2 or more (different) bond together"): Compounds

And the left - most box (from Compounds, "The smallest pieces of these are called"): Molecules (since the smallest piece of a compound is a molecule).

Now for the examples:

- Elements: Examples are Hydrogen ($H$), Oxygen ($O$), Carbon ($C$), Iron ($Fe$) etc.
- Atoms: A single Hydrogen atom ($H$), a single Oxygen atom ($O$) etc.
- Compounds: Substances made of different elements, like Water ($H_2O$), Sodium Chloride ($NaCl$), Carbon Dioxide ($CO_2$)
- Molecules: Can be of elements (like $O_2$, $H_2$) or compounds (like $H_2O$, $CO_2$)

For the formulas:

a. Sodium chloride: $NaCl$ (Sodium is $Na^+$, Chloride is $Cl^-$, ionic compound, formula $NaCl$)

b. Magnesium chloride: Magnesium is $Mg^{2+}$, Chloride is $Cl^-$, so formula $MgCl_2$ (to balance charges: $2+$ and $2\times1 - = 0$)

c. Water: $H_2O$ (2 Hydrogen, 1 Oxygen)

d. Carbon dioxide: $CO_2$ (1 Carbon, 2 Oxygen)

### For part 2 (examples):
- Elements: Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. Examples: Hydrogen ($H$), Helium ($He$), Lithium ($Li$), Oxygen ($O$), Gold ($Au$)
- Atoms: The basic unit of matter, the smallest particle of an element that retains its chemical properties. Examples: A single hydrogen atom ($H$), a single oxygen atom ($O$), a single carbon atom ($C$)
- Compounds: Substances made up of two or more different elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio. Examples: Water ($H_2O$), Sodium Chloride ($NaCl$), Glucose ($C_6H_{12}O_6$)
- Molecules: A group of two or more atoms bonded together. Examples: $O_2$ (oxygen molecule), $H_2O$ (water molecule), $CO_2$ (carbon dioxide molecule)

### For part 3 (formulas):
a. Sodium chloride: Sodium ($Na$) has a +1 charge, Chloride ($Cl$) has a - 1 charge. To form a neutral compound, the ratio is 1:1. So formula is $NaCl$

b. Magnesium chloride: Magnesium ($Mg$) has a +2 charge, Chloride ($Cl$) has a - 1 charge. To balance the charges ($2+ + 2\times(1 -)=0$), we need 2 chloride ions for 1 magnesium ion. So formula is $MgCl_2$

c. Water: Consists of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. So formula is $H_2O$

d. Carbon dioxide: Consists of 1 carbon atom and 2 oxygen atoms. So formula is $CO_2$

# Answer:
### 1. Filling the diagram:
- Top right (from Periodic Table): Elements
- Below Elements: Atoms
- From Atoms (bonding): Molecules
- From Molecules (bonding different elements) or from Atoms (bonding different elements): Compounds
- Left - most (smallest of Compounds): Molecules

### 2. Examples:
- Elements: Hydrogen ($H$), Oxygen ($O$)
- Atoms: A single $H$ atom, a single $O$ atom
- Compounds: $H_2O$, $NaCl$
- Molecules: $O_2$, $H_2O$

### 3. Formulas:
a. Sodium chloride: $NaCl$
b. Magnesium chloride: $MgCl_2$
c. Water: $H_2O$
d. Carbon dioxide: $CO_2$

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QUESTION IMAGE

Question

Explanation:

Step1: Analyze the Periodic Table's components

Step2: Determine the smallest piece of an element

Step3: What forms when atoms bond

Step4: What forms when molecules (or atoms of different elements) bond

For part 2 (examples):

For part 3 (formulas):

Answer:

1. Filling the diagram:

2. Examples:

3. Formulas: