Question

the following figure shows the bond formation of sodium chloride which is a compound universally known as table salt. which of the following statements are true once the sodium chloride bond formation shown in the figure takes place? select all that apply. the electrostatic attraction between the positive ion and negative chlorine forms a polar covalent bond. the electrostatic attraction between the positive ion and negative chlorine forms an ionic bond. the resulting chlorine anion has a stable octet in its valence shell. the resulting sodium cation has a stable octet in its valence shell. the electrostatic attraction between the positive ion and negative chlorine forms a nonpolar bond.

Explanation:

• Ionic Bond: Sodium (Na) donates an electron to chlorine (Cl). The electrostatic attraction between the positively - charged sodium ion (\(Na^{+}\)) and the negatively - charged chloride ion (\(Cl^{-}\)) forms an ionic bond, not a covalent (polar or non - polar) bond. Covalent bonds involve sharing electrons.
• Stable Octet:
• Chlorine (atomic number = 17, electron configuration \(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{5}\)) gains one electron to form \(Cl^{-}\) (\(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}\)), achieving a stable octet in its valence shell.
• Sodium (atomic number = 11, electron configuration \(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{1}\)) loses one electron to form \(Na^{+}\) (\(1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}\)), also achieving a stable octet in its valence shell.

Answer:

B. The electrostatic attraction between the positive ion and negative chlorine forms an ionic bond.
C. The resulting chlorine anion has a stable octet in its valence shell.
D. The resulting sodium cation has a stable octet in its valence shell.