Question

figure 2 positively charged ions have lost one or more electrons. negatively charged ions have gained one or more electrons. classifying which ions in the table are positively charged and which are negatively charged? ions and their charges name | charge | symbol or formula lithium | 1+ | li⁺ sodium | 1+ | na⁺ potassium | 1+ | k⁺ ammonium | 1+ | nh₄⁺ calcium | 2+ | ca²⁺ magnesium | 2+ | mg²⁺ aluminum | 3+ | al³⁺ fluoride | 1− | f⁻ chloride | 1− | cl⁻ iodide | 1− | i⁻ bicarbonate | 1− | hco₃⁻ nitrate | 1− | no₃⁻ oxide | 2− | o²⁻ sulfide | 2− | s²⁻ carbonate | 2− | co₃²⁻ sulfate | 2− | so₄²⁻ phosphate | 3− | po₄³⁻

Explanation:

Step1: Identify positive ions (charge >0)

Check ions with "+" charge: Lithium ($\text{Li}^+$), Sodium ($\text{Na}^+$), Potassium ($\text{K}^+$), Ammonium ($\text{NH}_4^+$), Calcium ($\text{Ca}^{2+}$), Magnesium ($\text{Mg}^{2+}$), Aluminum ($\text{Al}^{3+}$)

Step2: Identify negative ions (charge <0)

Check ions with "-" charge: Fluoride ($\text{F}^-$), Chloride ($\text{Cl}^-$), Iodide ($\text{I}^-$), Bicarbonate ($\text{HCO}_3^-$), Nitrate ($\text{NO}_3^-$), Oxide ($\text{O}^{2-}$), Sulfide ($\text{S}^{2-}$), Carbonate ($\text{CO}_3^{2-}$), Sulfate ($\text{SO}_4^{2-}$), Phosphate ($\text{PO}_4^{3-}$)

Answer:

Positive ions: Lithium ($\text{Li}^+$), Sodium ($\text{Na}^+$), Potassium ($\text{K}^+$), Ammonium ($\text{NH}_4^+$), Calcium ($\text{Ca}^{2+}$), Magnesium ($\text{Mg}^{2+}$), Aluminum ($\text{Al}^{3+}$)
Negative ions: Fluoride ($\text{F}^-$), Chloride ($\text{Cl}^-$), Iodide ($\text{I}^-$), Bicarbonate ($\text{HCO}_3^-$), Nitrate ($\text{NO}_3^-$), Oxide ($\text{O}^{2-}$), Sulfide ($\text{S}^{2-}$), Carbonate ($\text{CO}_3^{2-}$), Sulfate ($\text{SO}_4^{2-}$), Phosphate ($\text{PO}_4^{3-}$)