engage with science
the future of the sun
a listen to the science article. choose the best answer.
example: a black hole is a _______________ of a certain type of star’s life.
a. phase b. cycle c. collision
1. a black hole is the result of a _______________.
a. galaxy b. neutron star c. supernova
2. only _______________ stars will eventually become black holes.
a. sun b. massive c. fusion
3. a central idea is that black holes are both _______________.
a. a beginning and an end b. a push and a pull c. deep and dark
4. black holes and new _______________ have a cause - and - effect relationship.
a. stars b. planets c. atoms
5. according to the speaker, the smallest black holes are roughly the size of a(n) _______________.
a. small planet b. atom c. element
6. black holes have an effect on their surroundings because of their _______________.
a. darkness b. heat c. gravity
b complete each sentence with a word from the box.
example: the force that keeps objects on earth is ______gravity______.
atoms elements gravity massive phases stellar
1. a _______________ life cycle lasts billions of years.
2. one molecule of water contains two _______________ of hydrogen.
3. two _______________ in a human’s life cycle are childhood and adulthood.
4. earth’s atmosphere contains the _______________ oxygen and nitrogen.
5. there are many stars that are more _______________ than our average - sized sun.

Question

engage with science
the future of the sun
a listen to the science article. choose the best answer.
example: a black hole is a _______________ of a certain type of star’s life.
 a. phase  b. cycle  c. collision
1. a black hole is the result of a _______________.
 a. galaxy  b. neutron star  c. supernova
2. only _______________ stars will eventually become black holes.
 a. sun  b. massive  c. fusion
3. a central idea is that black holes are both _______________.
 a. a beginning and an end  b. a push and a pull  c. deep and dark
4. black holes and new _______________ have a cause - and - effect relationship.
 a. stars  b. planets  c. atoms
5. according to the speaker, the smallest black holes are roughly the size of a(n) _______________.
 a. small planet  b. atom  c. element
6. black holes have an effect on their surroundings because of their _______________.
 a. darkness  b. heat  c. gravity
b complete each sentence with a word from the box.
example: the force that keeps objects on earth is ______gravity______.
 atoms  elements  gravity  massive  phases  stellar
1. a _______________ life cycle lasts billions of years.
2. one molecule of water contains two _______________ of hydrogen.
3. two _______________ in a human’s life cycle are childhood and adulthood.
4. earth’s atmosphere contains the _______________ oxygen and nitrogen.
5. there are many stars that are more _______________ than our average - sized sun.

Accepted Answer

### Part A (Multiple Choice)
1. # Brief Explanations: A black hole forms from a supernova explosion. A galaxy is a collection of stars, and a neutron star is another stellar remnant. So the correct answer is c. supernova.
   # Answer: c. supernova
2. # Brief Explanations: Only massive stars (with sufficient mass) can collapse to form black holes. The Sun is not massive enough, and fusion is a process in stars, not a type of star. So the correct answer is b. massive.
   # Answer: b. massive
3. # Brief Explanations: Black holes can be seen as a beginning (for new stars via material accretion) and an end (of massive stars' lives). "A push and a pull" doesn't relate, and "deep and dark" is descriptive but not a central idea about their nature. So the correct answer is a. a beginning and an end.
   # Answer: a. a beginning and an end
4. # Brief Explanations: Black holes can influence the formation of new stars through their gravitational effects on surrounding gas and dust. Planets and atoms don't have a direct cause - effect relationship with black holes for star formation. So the correct answer is a. stars.
   # Answer: a. stars
5. # Brief Explanations: The smallest black holes are thought to be roughly the size of an atom (in terms of their event horizon scale relative to atomic scales). A small planet is too large, and an element is a substance, not a size comparison. So the correct answer is b. atom.
   # Answer: b. atom
6. # Brief Explanations: Black holes have extremely strong gravity that affects their surroundings (like pulling in nearby matter). Darkness is a lack of light, and heat is not the main reason for their influence on surroundings. So the correct answer is c. gravity.
   # Answer: c. gravity

### Part B (Fill - in - the - Blank)
1. # Brief Explanations: A stellar life cycle (the life cycle of a star) lasts billions of years. The other words don't fit: atoms, elements, gravity, massive, phases don't describe the life cycle of a star in this context.
   # Answer: stellar
2. # Brief Explanations: A water molecule ($H_2O$) contains two atoms of hydrogen. Elements are pure substances, and the other words don't fit the context of molecular composition.
   # Answer: atoms
3. # Brief Explanations: Childhood and adulthood are phases in a human's life cycle. The other words (atoms, elements, gravity, massive, stellar) don't represent stages in a life cycle.
   # Answer: phases
4. # Brief Explanations: Earth's atmosphere contains the elements oxygen and nitrogen (oxygen and nitrogen are chemical elements). Atoms are the building blocks, gravity is a force, massive describes size, phases are stages, and stellar relates to stars. So the correct word is elements.
   # Answer: elements
5. # Brief Explanations: Many stars are more massive than our Sun (massive describes the amount of mass a star has). The other words (atoms, elements, gravity, phases, stellar) don't describe the mass comparison of stars.
   # Answer: massive

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Part A (Multiple Choice)

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