Question

1. complete the following equations and label the first reactant as either an acid or a base.

a) hcl$_{(aq)}$ + h$_2$o$_{(l)}$ →
b) co$_3^{2-}_{(aq)}$ + h$_2$o$_{(l)}$ →
c) nh$_3$$_{(aq)}$ + h$_2$o$_{(l)}$ →

1. complete the following table. use page 178 in your textbook to help you.

oxide	human-made source	emission (gas) produced	acid deposited by emission
sulfur
nitrogen

Explanation:

Part 3a:

Step1: Identify Acid/Base

HCl is an acid (donates \(H^+\)).

Step2: Reaction with \(H_2O\)

HCl dissociates: \( \text{HCl}_{(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O}_{(l)}
ightarrow \text{H}_3\text{O}^+_{(aq)} + \text{Cl}^-_{(aq)} \)

Step1: Identify Acid/Base

\( \text{CO}_3^{2-} \) is a base (accepts \(H^+\)).

Step2: Reaction with \(H_2O\)

\( \text{CO}_3^{2-}_{(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O}_{(l)}
ightleftharpoons \text{HCO}_3^-_{(aq)} + \text{OH}^-_{(aq)} \) (hydrolysis, base behavior)

Step1: Identify Acid/Base

\( \text{NH}_3 \) is a base (accepts \(H^+\)).

Step2: Reaction with \(H_2O\)

\( \text{NH}_{3(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O}_{(l)}
ightleftharpoons \text{NH}_4^+_{(aq)} + \text{OH}^-_{(aq)} \) (ammonia acts as base)

Answer:

\( \text{HCl}_{(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O}_{(l)}
ightarrow \text{H}_3\text{O}^+_{(aq)} + \text{Cl}^-_{(aq)} \); First reactant (HCl) is an acid.

Part 3b: