Question

1. choose the best answer.

____ is the process in which an atom or ion experiences a decrease in oxidation state.
reduction
equation
oxidation
conservation

1. match the correct term to complete the sentence.

increasing ____ increases reaction rates in solid substances by exposing more matter.
choices
catalyst
surface area

Explanation:

Question 9

To solve this, we recall the definitions of the terms:

• Reduction: A process where an atom or ion gains electrons, leading to a decrease in oxidation state.
• Equation: A mathematical or chemical statement of equality, not related to oxidation state change.
• Oxidation: Involves an increase in oxidation state (loss of electrons).
• Conservation: Refers to principles like conservation of mass/charge, not directly about oxidation state change.

So the term matching the description (decrease in oxidation state) is Reduction.

• Catalyst: Increases reaction rate by lowering activation energy, not by exposing more matter.
• Surface area: For solid substances, increasing surface area (e.g., grinding a solid) exposes more of the substance's particles, thus increasing reaction rate.

So the correct term is surface area.

Answer:

A. Reduction (assuming the first option is labeled A, but as per the options given: Reduction)

Question 10