Question

chemical reactions and chemical equations
rewrite the following sentences as chemical word equations. then write the skeleton
equation and balance the equation.

1. iron combines with oxygen to form rust, which is also known as iron(iii) oxide.

word equation
balanced equation

1. a solution of hydrogen chloride reacts with sodium carbonate to produce carbon

dioxide, sodium chloride, and water.
word equation
balanced equation

1. when aluminum metal is exposed to oxygen, a metal oxide called aluminum oxide is

formed.
word equation
balanced equation

1. water reacts with powdered sodium oxide to produce a solution of sodium hydroxide

word equation
balanced equation

1. hydrogen gas reacts with nitrogen trifluoride gas to form nitrogen gas and hydrogen

fluoride.
word equation
balanced equation

Explanation:

Step1: Write word equations

For each reaction, identify the reactants and products and write them in words separated by "reacts with" (for reactants) and "produces" (for products).

• 1. Iron + oxygen → iron(III) oxide
• 2. Hydrogen chloride + sodium carbonate → carbon dioxide + sodium chloride + water
• 3. Aluminum + oxygen → aluminum oxide
• 4. Water + sodium oxide → sodium hydroxide
• 5. Hydrogen + nitrogen trifluoride → nitrogen + hydrogen fluoride

Step2: Write chemical formulas

• Iron: \(Fe\), oxygen: \(O_2\), iron(III) oxide: \(Fe_2O_3\)
• Hydrogen chloride: \(HCl\), sodium carbonate: \(Na_2CO_3\), carbon dioxide: \(CO_2\), sodium chloride: \(NaCl\), water: \(H_2O\)
• Aluminum: \(Al\), aluminum oxide: \(Al_2O_3\)
• Water: \(H_2O\), sodium oxide: \(Na_2O\), sodium hydroxide: \(NaOH\)
• Hydrogen: \(H_2\), nitrogen trifluoride: \(NF_3\), nitrogen: \(N_2\), hydrogen fluoride: \(HF\)

Step3: Balance chemical equations

• 1. \(4Fe + 3O_2

ightarrow2Fe_2O_3\)

• 2. \(2HCl+Na_2CO_3

ightarrow CO_2 + 2NaCl + H_2O\)

• 3. \(4Al + 3O_2

ightarrow2Al_2O_3\)

• 4. \(H_2O+Na_2O

ightarrow2NaOH\)

• 5. \(3H_2 + 2NF_3

ightarrow N_2+6HF\)

Answer:

1. Word equation: Iron + oxygen → iron(III) oxide; Balanced equation: \(4Fe + 3O_2

ightarrow2Fe_2O_3\)

1. Word equation: Hydrogen chloride + sodium carbonate → carbon dioxide + sodium chloride + water; Balanced equation: \(2HCl+Na_2CO_3

ightarrow CO_2 + 2NaCl + H_2O\)

1. Word equation: Aluminum + oxygen → aluminum oxide; Balanced equation: \(4Al + 3O_2

ightarrow2Al_2O_3\)

1. Word equation: Water + sodium oxide → sodium hydroxide; Balanced equation: \(H_2O+Na_2O

ightarrow2NaOH\)

1. Word equation: Hydrogen + nitrogen trifluoride → nitrogen + hydrogen fluoride; Balanced equation: \(3H_2 + 2NF_3

ightarrow N_2+6HF\)